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The Rod and ring symbol is a symbol that is depicted on Mesopotamian stelas, cylinder seals and reliefs. It is held by a god or goddess and in most cases is being offered to a king who is standing, often making a sacrifice, or otherwise showing respect. The symbol dates from the Sumerian Renaissance to the Neo-Assyrian Period, and is commonly explained as a coil of measuring string and a yardstick.〔Jacobsen, 1987〕 Other theories are that they are a shepherd's crook and a nose rope,〔Hallo, W.W. 2005. Sumerian history in pictures: a new look at the ‘Stele of the Flying Angels’, in: Y. Sefati et al (eds), ‘An Experienced Scribe who Neglects Nothing’: Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Jacob Klein. Bethesda, MD: CDL Press, 142-62.〕 or that the ring is no rope at all.〔Van Buren, E.D. 1949. The rod and ring. ArO 17 (2), 434-50.〕 The best known example of the symbol is seen on the Code of Hammurabi stela. The most elaborate depiction is found on the Ur-Nammu-stela, where the winding of the cords has been detailed by the sculptor. This has also been described as a "staff and a chaplet of beads".〔Jeremy Black, Anthony Green, ''Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia'', Rod and Ring, p 156.〕 There is discussion whether the Ur-Nammu-stela is showing the same thing. ==Scepter, throne, and ring: Enuma Elish== The myth of Inanna's descent to the nether world describes how the goddess dresses and prepares herself: "She held the lapis-lazuli measuring rod and measuring line in her hand."〔cf. (Inana's descent to the nether world ) line 25. The Sumerian has: gi-diš-nindan eš2-gana2 za-gin3 šu ba-ni-in-du8 i.e. taken literally the rod would have the length of one ''nindan'' (6 cubit = 5.94m) and the eš2-gana2 the surveyor's line - would be ten ''nindan'' in length.〕 In tablet IV of the Enuma Elish, the rod and ring symbol is referenced as: :"They rejoiced, and they did homage unto him, saying, "Marduk is King!" They bestowed upon him the scepter, and the throne, and the ring. They gave him an invincible weaponry which overwhelmeth the foe."〔Enuma Elish, tablet IV〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rod-and-ring symbol」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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